Back pain

Back pain is the most widespread complaint amongst the general population Every third person is affected, some 70% of mid-Europeans at least once per year and it also affects young people more and more frequently. And it is on the increase. There are many reasons for this: lack of exercise, poor posture, single-sided burdens, but also psychic tension such as stress can result in back pain. Humans need exercise. Lack of exercise can cause back pain: the supporting elements, the vertebrae, become porous if not burdened, the stabilising ligaments become flaccid, the muscles atrophy, the intervertebral discs which thrive under alternating stress and relief “starve” and become brittle. The vertebral joints which create a supple connection between the vertebrae start to “seize-up". If movement stimuli are too low, all components of the spine atrophy. Sufficient exercise, also during childhood, is particularly important. Several studies show that already now every third primary school age child complains of back pain. Back pain has numerous possible causes. The following overview describes the most common diseases and their backgrounds in brief:

Slipped disc

Disease of the spine where parts of the discs protrude into the spinal nerve canal or spinal cord canal. The fibrous ring around the disc is partially or completely severed. Causes frequently include age-related signs of wear or overburdening combined with existing damage to the intervertebral disc. Symptoms include severe pain frequently radiating into the legs or arms, often accompanied by a feeling of numbness and occasionally paralysis.

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Intervertebral disc protrusion

Disease of the spine where parts of the discs protrude into the spinal nerve canal or spinal cord canal, the fibrous ring around the disc is weakened by fine cracks. The following symptoms may occur: Local pain in the spinal area, pain in the neck, arms and legs is also possible, restricted mobility. Most patients are affected by an intervertebral disc protrusion in the lower area of the lumbar spinal area as it is exposed to the highest load, followed by the cervical spine. The thoracic spine is seldom affected.

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Spinal canal stenosis

A condition affecting the spinal column caused by wear, caused by a relative or absolute restriction of the spinal canal. Symptoms include pain in the neck, arms, legs and feet, myasthenia, uncertain gait, restricted movement.

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Spondylarthrosis

Change of the vertebral arch joints caused by attrition. This irritation of the joint caused by degeneration often leads to bruising or irritation of the nerve roots. Symptoms include recurring pain, sometimes linked to the season (damp, cold weather).

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Spondylolisthesis

A disease where two vertebrae shift against each other (referred to as slipping a vertebra). It is normally caused by wear on the spine due to weakening of the ligaments. This causes a weakening of the facet joints and the discs which, in turn, means that certain movements can cause the vertebrae to slip. Symptoms include pain "localized in the lower back", myasthenia, and a feeling of "instability" in the spine.

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Lumbago / Lumbalgia

Sudden and severe pain in the lumbar spine area accompanied by severely restricted mobility. Possible causes include slipped vertebra, osteoporosis, vertebral fracture, cold air and drafts or (as in most cases) muscular tension.

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Vertebral fracture

Due to osteolysis, significant strain and/or fracture of a vertebral body due to an accident.

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Muscular tension

This is almost always the result of unnecessary strain or poor back posture, which places the muscles affected under permanent stress. This results in a localized lack of oxygen in the affected muscles, which leads to a metabolic disorder in the muscle tissue and to painful hardening of the affected area.

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